Homework #1 (updated 1/14/07)
Modified from Fetter, Chapter 1:
1. How many grams of KCl is in one liter of a 0.1-molar solution?
2. How many ppm of Na+ and Cl- are in a 0.23 mM solution? (assume ppm = mg/L)
Modified from Appelo and Postma, Problem 1.1:
3. An analysis of groundwater gave as results (in mg/l):
pH |
Na+ |
K+ |
Mg2+ |
Ca2+ |
Cl- |
Alk |
SO42- |
mg/l |
8.5 |
62 |
0.1 |
9 |
81 |
168 |
183 |
-- |
|
(Alkalinity is expressed as mg/l HCO3-.)
Build a simple spreadsheet (keeping one sample on one row) to convert these concentrations to:
From Kehew, Problem 5 Chapter 1:
4. The following ground water analyses are expressed in mg/l.
a) Plot Stiff and Piper graphs for each analysis.
b) Use your spreadsheet to calculate the charge balance error for each analysis and state its chemical facies (analyses from Hem, 1989).
Ca2+ | Mg2+ | Na+ | K+ | Alk | SO42- | Cl- | NO3- | Fe | pH | |
1. | 48 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 152 | 3.2 | 8.0 | 0.05 | 7.5 | ||
2. | 144 | 55 | 29 | 622 | 60 | 53 | 0.3 | |||
3. | 394 | 93 | 333 | 157 | 1150 | 538 | 5 | |||
4. | 40 | 22 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 213 | 4.9 | 2.0 | 4.8 | 0.24 | 7.4 |
5. | 140 | 43 | 21 | 241 | 303 | 38 | 4.1 | 0.01 | 7.4 | |
6.* | 3.0 | 7.4 | 857 | 2.4 | 2080 | 1.6 | 71 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 8.3 |
7.** | 40 | 50 | 699 | 16 | 456 | 1320 | 17 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 8.2 |
8. | 353 | 149 | 1220 | 9.8 | 355 | 1000 | 1980 | 24 | 0.01 |
*CO3= = 57 **CO3= = 26